Chronic Bronchitis

　　慢性支气管炎

　　Chronic bronchitis is a condition associated with excessive tracheobronchia mucus production sufficient to cause cough with expectoration for at least 3 months of the year for more than 2 consecutive years. Several subclassifications have been proposed: ①simple chronic bronchitis describes a condition characterized by mucoid sputum production; ②chronic mucopurulent bronchitis is characterized by persistent or recurrent purulence of sputum in the absence of localized suppurative diseases such as bronchiectasis; ③chronic bronchitis with obstruction deserves a separate classification characterized by presence of airway obstruction as assessed by the used of the forced expiratory vital capacity maneuver; and ④chronic asthmatic bronchitis. The patient with chronic asthmatic bronchitis has a long history of cough and sputum production with a later onset of wheezing, whereas the asthmatic with chronic obstruction gives a long history of wheezing with later onset of chronic productive cough. form www.med66.com

　　由于气管、支气管粘液分泌过多，引起咳嗽咯痰，1年中至少有3个月并连续2年以上者，称为慢性支气管炎。它可以分为以下几种类型：①单纯性慢性支气管炎，其特征为咳粘液性痰；②慢性粘液脓性支气管炎，其特征是反复的或持续的咳脓痰，但肺部并无化脓性病变，如支气管扩张；③慢性支气管炎伴阻塞，其特征为用力呼气肺活量测定时有气道阻塞的表现；④慢性哮喘性支气管炎，其特征是患者有长期的咳嗽及咯痰史，后来肺部出现哮鸣者，因此与哮喘伴慢性气管阻塞的病人不同。后者是长期有哮鸣者，后来才出现慢性咳痰。

　　From Internal Medicine