“医学双语阅读：肾肿瘤治疗方法待改变”相信是准备学习医学英语的朋友比较关注的事情，为此，医学教育网小编整理内容如下：

report suggests changing kidney tumor treatment

报告建议改变肾肿瘤治疗方法

for more than 40 years,american surgeons have treated small localized tumors of the kidney the same way：with nephrectomy,the removal of the entire kidney.but new research strongly suggests that the procedure does not improve survival.

在超过40年的时间里，美国外科医生都用同样的办法——肾切除术，即完全切除整个肾，治疗那些已经发现的小的肾肿瘤。但是新的研究强烈建议说这一方法并不能提高病患者的生存几率。

chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy in patients with renal cortical tumours：a retrospective cohort study（the lancet oncology）removing an entire kidney instead of just the tumor and nearby tissue is more likely to result in impaired function in the remaining kidney.

患有肾部皮层肿瘤的患者在实施肾切除术后会患慢性肾病：柳叶刀肿瘤学会的群组研究回顾：完全切除整个肾脏而不是肿瘤本身和邻近的组织更可能损伤另外一个违背切除肾。

in 2006,the researchers report,more than 35,000 people will develop such lesions,called renal cortical tumors.about half of the tumors are malignant,and more than 60 percent are smaller than four centimeters in diameter.it is these small tumors that should probably be treated by partial nephrectomy,rather than the radical procedure.

研究人员报告说，在2006年超过35000人将会罹患这种叫做肾表层肿瘤的疾病。一般的肿瘤是恶性的肿瘤，超过60%的肿瘤直径小于4厘米。就是这些小肿瘤可以采用部分切除法而不是采取完全切除法。

the researchers analyzed data from more than 2,000 patients with two functioning kidneys who underwent surgery for small renal tumors over a 16-year period.they excluded patients with metastatic disease.

研究人员分析了超过2000个患者的资料，这些患者都是在过去十六年中因为小的肾部肿瘤而采取手术治疗，但都保持了两个功能正常的肾。研究人员并没有把那些病情发生转移的患者包含在内。

after adjusting for age,kidney function,diabetes,hypertension and other factors,they found that the three-year probability of a patient suffering a new onset of chronic kidney disease was 65 percent for those undergoing the radical procedure,and 20 percent for those who had only the partial nephrectomy.

“即便是采用了部分切除法，患者的肾功能都会持续的减弱，”论文的高级作者保罗·鲁索博士说，“但是这要比采用完全切除法的好的多。”如果肾功能恶化，就有必要对此进行分析，他说，“你会有大约50%的几率活过3年，这比癌症要情况要糟得多。”

one reason for the radical procedure,the researchers say,may be that a partial nephrectomy is a technically more difficult operation.yet the frequency of complications in the two operations was no different in their study.the report appears in the september issue of the lancet oncology.

研究人员说，采用完全切除的一个原因可能是部分切除在技术上更加困难。但是，调查显示，因为手术产生的并发症两者却没有什么区别。报告刊登在柳叶刀肿瘤学9月号上。

dr.russo,a professor of urology at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center in new york,said another reason surgeons have opted for a total nephrectomy is that until now they have assumed a patient with two working kidneys would not have problems with kidney function after a radical nephrectomy.but that assumption is based on testing kidney function by measuring serum creatinine levels,a measure too crude to pick up subtle deficiencies in function.

经过平衡年龄、肾功能、糖尿病、高血压和其他的一些因素，他们发现，在3年存续期中采用完全切除法的患者开始患慢性肾病的比例为65%，而采用部分切除法的只有20%。

“even in those having partial nephrectomies,there's a continued diminution in kidney function,”said dr.paul russo,the senior author of the paper,“but much less than in those who have the radical operation.”if kidney function deteriorates so that dialysis becomes necessary,he said,“you've got about a 50 percent chance of three-year survival-much worse than with cancer.”

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